mg+immune+SAC

One of the criteria for the immune response SAC requires you to show your progress in developing your presentation. On this page you should have the following. You should show your planning of the presentation, such as the images chosen and information you want to convey. This includes how you broke up your topic into the various sections. You should also include why you sequenced the images the way you did and the collating of information. It is important that you acknowledge any sources of information (including images) below. You will also need to upload your audio file onto this page.

start with the basics: WHAT ARE VACCINATIONS?  
 * Vaccines are used to create an artificial active form of specific immunity in order to induce a primary immune response without the effects of the disease.
 * It is important to note that vaccinations are not cures for diseases nor are they preventative measures.
 * Vaccinations are used to introduce the immune system to the antigens of a pathogen and allow them to carry out the humoral response in order to produce memory cells without being at risk of harm to the body. Lymphocytes are extremely specific so by causing the body to create memory cells one is in effect creating the ability for a stronger and faster response in the invent of that specific organism invading the body
 * Some are just antigen presenting shells this causes an immune response and memory cells to be produced this is active as the body has to do something
 * In the event of a venom or fast acting disease in some cases antibodies may be taken from an animal that has been exposed to a disease. This is not a form of vaccine, this is called a serum and is a form of passive immunity.

WHAT DO VACCINES NEED TO DO? []
 * 1) Activation of Antigen-Presenting Cells to initiate antigen processing and producing interleukins.
 * 2) Activation of both T and B cells to give a high a high yield of memory cells.
 * 3) Generation of Th and Tc cells to several epitopes, to overcome the variation in the immune response in the population due to MHC polymorphism.
 * 4) Persistence of antigen, probably on dendritic follicular cells in lymphoid tissue, where B memory cells are recruited to form antibody-secreting cells that will continue to produce antibody.

WHAT IS THE IMMUNE REPONSE? 


 * Humans are born with 3 lines of defence that include chemical and physical barriers that make up our immune system.
 * The First two lines of defence are non specific, the first being external; such as skin or enzymes in much that act to prevent the pathogen from entering the body.
 * The second line of defence is internal and involves phagocytic white blood cells in this case, a macrophage. The macrophage engulfs any foreign material and breaks it down using lysozimes. Natural killer cells are also involved once they have been triggered by interferon’s that are released from infected cells.natural killer cells cause lysis in an infected cells.
 * Our third line of defence is also internal but in contrast with the first and second lines of defence the third is extremely specific. It involves the humoral and cell mediated responses. The humoral response involves b cells and is responsible for the productions of antibodies which bind to the matching antigens on pathogens and and join them together. This is called agglutination and there for the pathogens can all be engulfed and destroyed at once.

WHAT DOES THE IMMUNE RESPONSE REACT TO?


 * Pathogens are a group of cellular and non cellular organisms that cause disease.
 * Disease is any condition that impairs the normal functioning of an organism
 * Bacteria is a cellular pathogen as it contains organelles, prionS and viruses are non cellular pathogens as they do not.
 * All cells of the body contain MHC markers also know as self markers. As pathogens are not self cells, they are labelled with antigens that distinguish them as non self.

sorces for pictures:

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http://images.google.com.au/imgres?imgurl=http://science.kukuchew.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/04/antibody.jpg&imgrefurl=http://science.kukuchew.com/tag/antibodies/&usg=__sQpCqHWjlXmNUvjVf6nSLIr5rWg=&h=312&w=338&sz=19&hl=en&start=2&um=1&tbnid=62gjxh4Sh1pQ5M:&tbnh=110&tbnw=119&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dantibodies%26hl%3Den%26um%3D1 • http://www.health-in-action.org/library/pdf/Shaken%20Baby/Images/sm%20shake%20baby%20with%20bkgd.jpg