lr+immune+SAC

One of the criteria for the immune response SAC requires you to show your progress in developing your presentation. On this page you should have the following. You should show your planning of the presentation, such as the images chosen and information you want to convey. This includes how you broke up your topic into the various sections. You should also include why you sequenced the images the way you did and the collating of information. It is important that you acknowledge any sources of information (including images) below. You will also need to upload your audio file onto this page.

Non specific immunity: I have chosen to research and talk about Non- specific immunity. This is a very important step in immunity because it is our first and second line of defence. It is our initial defence mechanisms and they are present on every human being. It is needed in order for our body to work properly. 1st line of defence:  -  Physical  -  Mechanical  -  Chemical  -  Natural 2nd line of defence:  -  Defensive  -  Cells that kill  -  Protective mechanisms

Immunity: The body’s ability to resist a disease · Defences that prevent pathogens from entering the body by physical, chemical and cellular defences. · Prevents ALL pathogens, not only a few. · It is a general response · Defences are there when born. · Body doesn’t have memory of the last pathogen so therefore each level of response is the same for each infection. 1st line: This is external. · Barriers outside body, such as intact skin, hair and sticky mucus. · Enzymes in tears, mucus and sweat (it is acidic) · Cilia are present in respitory tract to push substances out of it. 2nd line (internal) · White blood cells (macrophages) engulf foreign material through phagocytosis. <span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· Bleeding prevents foreign particles coming back into the body when let’s say got a cut <span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· Inflammation (swelling, redness, pain and heat produced in an area of the body as a reaction to injury or infection) <span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Courier New'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Courier New'; msolist: Ignore;">o Starts with in increased blood flow and vasodilatation to bring phagocytes to the area. <span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Courier New'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Courier New'; msolist: Ignore;">o Capillary walls are more permeable to phagocytes which release histamine, which attracts more phagocytes, a fever develops an increasing temperature so that a response is quicker. <span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Courier New'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Courier New'; msolist: Ignore;">o Histamine is released from mast cells when tissue is damaged and also attracts phagocytes to the area. <span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· Natural killer cells: destroy virus infected cells and cancerous cells that are displaying an antigen. <span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· Complement: a group of proteins which lyse the foreign particles so that phagocytes can then come and clean up or stick to the wall so that phagocytes recognise. <span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· Interferons which are proteins are released by the infected cell by a virus and are used by other cells to resist viral infection

**Comparison between non specific and specific.** Non specific: Relates to all pathogens and isn’t specific to just one. For example, intact skin is all over the body and tries to stop ALL foreign material from entering. No memory Specific immunity: specific, it targets certain pathogens. For example: the body looks for self and non self, has a memory Involves cells and proteins within the blood and lymph. Is there when first and second line of defence fail. Self and non self: On cells there are markers that show the body that they are part of the body and that the body shouldn’t attack it. These are antigens. If a pathogen enters it doesn’t have self markers, this is because it is not meant to be in the body. Instead it has non self markers which warns the body of an invader.

<span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">Mast cells- release histamine at damages tissue area, then causes inflammation Increased blood flow to area Histamine causes capillaries to leak, phagocytes are released which then engulf foreign material Platelets- move out of capillary to block the injured area cytokines (protein produced by cells) could also be produced if a virus affects the body. Inhibit production of viruses, chemical messengers between cells of the immune system, just like hormones acting as messengers within the endocrine system.
 * Example:**** (foreign substance entering the skin) **

Eczema on skin. Eczema : Inflammatory skin condition <span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· Itchy <span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· Not contagious <span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· affects females and males, children and adults Treatment: <span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· keeping skin moisturised for starters <span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· Medicated cream <span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· Steroid based creams control eczema for a short time use, not suitable for long term use <span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· Natural creams. Lack of side effects and can use them long term.
 * Medicine:**

I chose this order of my images because it all linked into eachother. You need to see one image before u can understand the next slide. I also made sure the audio was matching the slide so that the viewer would be able to put one and on together and understand it alot better.

<span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">[]
 * Resources:**

Images: some images were made by me in Paint. [] [] [] [] <span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">[|pulse.pharmacy.arizona.edu/.../ pathogen.html]